Book Critique of MARY, The Church at the Source by Ratzinger and Balthasar
Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger
HAIL, FULL OF GRACE – Elements of Marian Piety According to the Bible
Pages 61-62: “From henceforth all generations will call me blessed” –
these words of the Mother of Jesus handed on for us by Luke (Lk 1:48)
are at once a prophecy and a charge laid upon the Church of all times.
This phrase from the Magnificat, the spirit-filled prayer of praise
that Mary addresses to the living God, is thus one of the principal
foundations of Christian devotion to her. The Church invented nothing
new of her own when she began to extol Mary; she did not plummet from
the worship of the one God to the praise of man. The Church does what
she must; she carries out the task assigned her from the beginning. At
the time Luke was writing this text, the second generation of
Christianity had already arrived, and the “family” of the Jews had been
joined by that of the Gentiles, who had been incorporated into the
Church of Jesus Christ. The expression “all generations, all families”
was beginning to be filled with historical reality. The Evangelist
would certainly not have transmitted Mary’s prophecy if it had seemed
to him an indifferent or obsolete item. He wished in his Gospel to
record “with care” what “the eyewitnesses and ministers of the word”
(Lk 1:2-3) had handed on from the beginning, in order to give the faith
of Christianity, which was then striding onto the stage of world
history, a reliable guide for its future course. Mary’s prophecy
numbered among those elements he had “carefully” ascertained and
consisted important enough to transmit to posterity. This fact assumes
that Mary’s words were guaranteed by reality: the first two chapters of
Luke’s Gospel give evidence of a sphere of tradition in which the
remembrance of Mary was cultivated and the Mother of the Lord was loved
and praised. They presuppose that the still somewhat naïve exclamation
of the unnamed woman, “blessed is the womb that bore you” (Lk 11:27),
had not entirely ceased to resound but, as Jesus was more deeply
understood, had likewise attained a purer form that more adequately
expressed its content. They presuppose that Elizabeth’s greeting,
“blessed are you among women” (Lk 1:42), which Luke characterizes as
words spoken in the Holy Spirit (Lk 1:41), had not been a once-only
episode. The continued existence of such praise at least in one strand
of early Christian tradition is the basis of Luke’s infancy narrative.
The recording of these words in the Gospel raises this veneration of
Mary from historical fact to a commission laid upon the Church of all
places and all times.
Note: Should a sinner be venerated? Mary needed a Savior thereby acknowledging her sin nature.
And Mary said: “My soul magnifies the Lord, and my spirit has rejoiced in God my Savior.” Luke 1:46-47.
Note: The name of Mary, the mother of Jesus Christ, is not mentioned in Luke after chapter 2.
Pages 62-63: The Church neglects one of the duties enjoined upon her
when she does not praise Mary. She deviates from the word of the Bible
when her Marian devotion falls silent. When this happens, in fact, the
Church no longer even glorifies God as she ought. For though we do know
God by means of his creation – “Ever since the creation of the world
(God’s) invisible nature, namely, his eternal power and deity, has been
clearly perceived in the things that have been made” (Rom 1:20) – we
also know him, and know him more intimately, through the history he has
shared with man. Just as the history of a man’s life and the
relationships he has formed reveal what kind of person he is, God shows
himself in a history, in men through whom his own character can be
seen. This is so true that he can be “named” through them and
identified in them: the God of Abraham, of Isaac, and of Jacob. Through
his relation with men, through the faces of men, God has made himself
accessible and has shown his face. We cannot try to bypass these human
faces in order to get to God alone, in his “pure form”, as it were.
This would lead us to a God of our own invention in place of the real
God; it would be an arrogant purism that regards its own ideas as more
important than God’s deeds. The above-cited verse of the Magnificat
shows us that Mary is one of the human beings who in an altogether
special way belong to the name of God, so much so, in fact, that we
cannot praise him rightly if we leave her out of account. In doing so
we forget something about him that must not be forgotten. What,
exactly? Our first attempt at an answer could be his maternal side,
which reveals itself more purely and more directly in the Son’s Mother
than anywhere else. But this is, of course, much too general. In order
to praise Mary correctly and thus to glorify God correctly, we must
listen to all that Scripture and tradition say concerning the Mother of
the Lord and ponder it in our hearts. Thanks to the praise of “all
generations” since the beginning, the abundant wealth of Mariology has
become almost too vast to survey. In this brief meditation, I would
like to help the reader reflect anew on just a few of the key words
Saint Luke has placed in our hands in his inexhaustibly rich infancy
narrative.
Note: Disciples of Jesus Christ never gave praise to Mary in the Word of God.
Then, as He was now drawing near the descent of the Mount of Olives,
the whole multitude of the disciples began to rejoice and praise God
with a loud voice for all the mighty works they had seen, saying:
“‘Blessed is the King who comes in the name of the Lord!’ Peace in
heaven and glory in the highest!” Luke 19:37-38.
Note: Why does the Roman Catholic church draw from traditions of men for its heresies?
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