LDS Doctrine and Covenants Critique
Downloaded from churchofjesuschrist.org in September 2026
The Doctrine and Covenants
SECTION 117
Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at
Far West, Missouri, July 8, 1838, concerning the immediate duties of
William Marks, Newel K. Whitney, and Oliver Granger.
1–9, The Lord’s servants should not covet temporal things, for “what is
property unto the Lord?”; 10–16, They are to forsake littleness of
soul, and their sacrifices will be sacred unto the Lord.
1 Verily thus saith the Lord unto my servant William Marks, and also
unto my servant Newel K. Whitney, let them settle up their business
speedily and journey from the land of Kirtland, before I, the Lord,
send again the snows upon the earth.2 Let them awake, and arise, and
come forth, and not tarry, for I, the Lord, command it. 3 Therefore, if
they tarry it shall not be well with them.
Note: Williams Marks never made it to Missouri and was excommunicated over polygamy.
Marks was appointed by revelation (D&C 117) to leave Ohio and move
to Far West, Missouri, to preside over the body of Saints. However,
before he arrived, the Mormons were expelled from the state under the
"Extermination Order" signed into law by Lilburn W. Boggs. Although a
close friend of Joseph Smith, Marks occasionally found himself at odds
with the prophet. Smith presented evidence of why Sidney Rigdon should
be rejected as first counselor in the First Presidency of the church
during the October 1843 General Conference. He accused Rigdon, a
long-time friend of Marks, as having lost his "integrity and
steadfastness" and stated that he had no confidence in Rigdon's
abilities as a leader in the church or as his counselor. Regardless of
these accusations, Marks motioned that Rigdon remain in his station as
a counselor in the First Presidency. Rigdon was sustained to the
position by the membership of the church. After the vote, Smith stood
and stated, "I have thrown him off my shoulders and you have again put
him on me, you may carry him, but I will not." Because Rigdon was
rejected by Smith, most of the core leadership of the church, including
members of the Council of Fifty and Anointed Quorum, questioned
Rigdon's standing and authority and, later, his claim to succeed Smith
as head of the church. Rigdon and Marks were also known opponents of
plural marriage. Those who supported this controversial practice
instituted by Smith saw such dissent as disloyal.
4 Let them repent of all their sins, and of all their covetous desires,
before me, saith the Lord; for what is property unto me? saith the
Lord. 5 Let the properties of Kirtland be turned out for debts, saith
the Lord. Let them go, saith the Lord, and whatsoever remaineth, let it
remain in your hands, saith the Lord.
Note: Joseph Smith left Kirtland to escape debt collectors.
The construction of the Kirtland Temple in Kirtland, Ohio (completed in
1836) left the early church and Joseph Smith with an estimated debt of
$30,000 to $40,000.
6 For have I not the fowls of heaven, and also the fish of the sea, and
the beasts of the mountains? Have I not made the earth? Do I not hold
the destinies of all the armies of the nations of the earth? 7
Therefore, will I not make solitary places to bud and to blossom, and
to bring forth in abundance? saith the Lord. 8 Is there not room enough
on the mountains of Adam-ondi-Ahman, and on the plains of Olaha
Shinehah, or the land where Adam dwelt, that you should covet that
which is but the drop, and neglect the more weighty matters? 9
Therefore, come up hither unto the land of my people, even Zion.
Note: Zion is Jerusalem not Missouri.
Now Solomon assembled the elders of Israel and all the heads of the
tribes, the chief fathers of the children of Israel, to King Solomon in
Jerusalem, that they might bring up the ark of the covenant of the LORD
from the City of David, which is Zion. 1 Kings 8:1
10 Let my servant William Marks be faithful over a few things, and he
shall be a ruler over many. Let him preside in the midst of my people
in the city of Far West, and let him be blessed with the blessings of
my people.
Note: William Marks did not become a ruler over many due to his opposition to polygamy.
According to William Clayton's diary, Emma Smith supported Marks as the
successor to her husband. According to Smith, Marks had a right to
church succession as the High Council President, which she asserted was
equal in authority to the Quorum of the Twelve and the First
Presidency. Furthermore, she felt that while apostles had authority in
unorganized parts of the church, they did not have authority in the
stake of Zion, Nauvoo. This reasoning was one of many interpretations
put forward by various factions in the months after Smith's death.
Historian D. Michael Quinn claims that, despite the foregoing, church
succession in Nauvoo revolved around one central issue: plural
marriage. Quinn maintains that Marks's known opposition to plural
marriage was a crucial issue. He also argues that, although a small
group of church leaders almost approved Marks as the next church
president, by July 10, 1844, Willard Richards—one the Church's Twelve
Apostles—delayed all action until Quorum President Brigham Young
returned from the presidential campaign. Young and the majority of the
Quorum of the Twelve, Quinn asserts, feared that Marks would end plural
marriage and other ordinances that they saw as crucial to exaltation in
the afterlife.
11 Let my servant Newel K. Whitney be ashamed of the Nicolaitane band
and of all their secret abominations, and of all his littleness of soul
before me, saith the Lord, and come up to the land of Adam-ondi-Ahman,
and be a bishop unto my people, saith the Lord, not in name but in
deed, saith the Lord.
Note: Newel Whitney became a ruler over many due to his promotion of polygamy.
In 1842, after being taught the doctrine of polygamy, Whitney and
Elizabeth Ann agreed to let their daughter, Sarah Ann, become a plural
wife of Joseph Smith.[7] Two years later, Whitney married Olive M.
Bishop as a plural wife. In 1845 he married Emmeline B. Woodward
Harris, Almira Elizabeth Pond, Abigail A. Pond, Elizabeth M. More, and
Henrietta Keyes. He married Ann Houston in 1846. Emmeline had married a
young man when she was 15, but he deserted her after the death of their
son. Whitney married Emmeline when she was seventeen and had two
children with her. Later Emmeline married Daniel H. Wells and became a
president of the Relief Society. Whitney also was sealed to Isabel
Modalena and Melvina C. Blanch.
12 And again, I say unto you, I remember my servant Oliver Granger;
behold, verily I say unto him that his name shall be had in sacred
remembrance from generation to generation, forever and ever, saith the
Lord. 13 Therefore, let him contend earnestly for the redemption of the
First Presidency of my Church, saith the Lord; and when he falls he
shall rise again, for his sacrifice shall be more sacred unto me than
his increase, saith the Lord. 14 Therefore, let him come up hither
speedily, unto the land of Zion; and in the due time he shall be made a
merchant unto my name, saith the Lord, for the benefit of my people. 15
Therefore let no man despise my servant Oliver Granger but let the
blessings of my people be on him forever and ever. 16 And again, verily
I say unto you, let all my servants in the land of Kirtland remember
the Lord their God, and mine house also, to keep and preserve it holy,
and to overthrow the moneychangers in mine own due time, saith the
Lord. Even so. Amen.
Note: Joseph Smith continually needed Oliver Granger to solve his financial problems.
One month after Oliver had arrived in Missouri, the Prophet Joseph
received a revelation instructing him to return to Kirtland and
represent the First Presidency in settling Church affairs and retiring
past debts. The Prophet Joseph wrote, “As I was driven away from
Kirtland without the privilege of settling my business, I . . .
employed Colonel Oliver Granger as my agent, to close all my affairs in
the east.” Without hesitation or question Oliver turned his wagon
around and headed back to Kirtland to fulfill the assignment given him
by a Prophet. His negotiations with angry creditors was not easy, yet
one creditor wrote, “Oliver Granger’s management in the arrangement of
the unfinished business of people that have moved to the Far West, in
redeeming their pledges and thereby sustaining their integrity, has
been truly praiseworthy, and has entitled him to my highest esteem, and
ever grateful recollection.” He was recognized for his success in
Kirtland and called to be a land agent for the Church in Iowa. A May
13, 1839, letter signed by the First Presidency explained the reason
why Oliver was again selected to fulfill such an important task: “We
have always found President Oliver Granger to be a man of the strictest
integrity and moral virtue, and in fine, to be a man of God. . .. We
have entrusted vast business concerns to him, which have been managed
skillfully to the support of our characters and interest as well as
that of the Church.” Acting in the name of the Church, Oliver purchased
lands in Montrose, Iowa Territory before being asked to return again to
Kirtland. In 1840 in Kirtland, while acting as the Prophet Joseph’s
legal representative, Oliver negotiated to cancel outstanding debts,
clear the Kirtland Temple of financial encumbrances, and oversee many
Church affairs before his death in 1841 at age 47.
Note: Oliver Granger died for Joseph Smith.