LDS Doctrine and Covenants Critique
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The Doctrine and Covenants
SECTION 136
The word and will of the Lord, given through President
Brigham Young at Winter Quarters, the camp of Israel, Omaha Nation, on
the west bank of the Missouri River, near Council Bluffs, Iowa, January
14, 1847.
1–16, How the camp of Israel is to be organized for the westward
journey is explained; 17–27, The Saints are commanded to live by
numerous gospel standards; 28–33, The Saints should sing, dance, pray,
and learn wisdom; 34–42, Prophets are slain so that they might be
honored and the wicked condemned.
1 The Word and Will of the Lord concerning the Camp of Israel in their journeyings to the West:
Note: The will of God is for everyone to sincerely believe in Jesus Christ.
“And this is the will of Him who sent Me, that everyone who sees the
Son and believes in Him may have everlasting life; and I will raise him
up at the last day.” John 6:40
2 Let all the people of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day
Saints, and those who journey with them, be organized into companies,
with a covenant and promise to keep all the commandments and statutes
of the Lord our God.
Note: A Christian elder cannot be an LDS youngster or a polygamist.
For this reason I left you in Crete, that you should set in order the
things that are lacking, and appoint elders in every city as I
commanded you— if a man is blameless, the husband of one wife, having
faithful children not accused of dissipation or insubordination. Titus
1:5-6
3 Let the companies be organized with captains of hundreds, captains of
fifties, and captains of tens, with a president and his two counselors
at their head, under the direction of the Twelve Apostles.
Note: LDS apostles never saw Jesus Christ.
Am I not an apostle? Am I not free? Have I not seen Jesus Christ our
Lord? Are you not my work in the Lord? If I am not an apostle to
others, yet doubtless I am to you. For you are the seal of my
apostleship in the Lord. 1 Corinthians 9:1-2
4 And this shall be our covenant—that we will walk in all the ordinances of the Lord.
Note: Brigham Young placed the LDS fanatics under a curse.
For as many as are of the works of the law are under the curse; for it
is written, “Cursed is everyone who does not continue in all things
which are written in the book of the law, to do them.” But that no one
is justified by the law in the sight of God is evident, for “the just
shall live by faith.” Yet the law is not of faith, but “the man who
does them shall live by them.” Christ has redeemed us from the curse of
the law, having become a curse for us (for it is written, “Cursed is
everyone who hangs on a tree”), that the blessing of Abraham might come
upon the Gentiles in Christ Jesus, that we might receive the promise of
the Spirit through faith. Galatians 3:10-14
5 Let each company provide themselves with all the teams, wagons,
provisions, clothing, and other necessaries for the journey, that they
can. 6 When the companies are organized let them go to with their
might, to prepare for those who are to tarry. 7 Let each company, with
their captains and presidents, decide how many can go next spring; then
choose out a sufficient number of able-bodied and expert men, to take
teams, seeds, and farming utensils, to go as pioneers to prepare for
putting in spring crops. 8 Let each company bear an equal proportion,
according to the dividend of their property, in taking the poor, the
widows, the fatherless, and the families of those who have gone into
the army, that the cries of the widow and the fatherless come not up
into the ears of the Lord against this people.
Note: Brigham Young rented Mormon men to pay for the migration to Utah.
The Mormons upon arriving at Fort Leavenworth in August 1846, the
approximately 500 enlisted men were given a $42 advance clothing
allowance each for their service in the United States army. Because
they were permitted to wear their own civilian clothing on the march to
San Diego, the vast majority of this money—roughly $21,000—was
immediately collected by Church agents and sent to Brigham Young.
Throughout their one-year enlistment (which ended in July 1847), actual
military wages paid out to the Mormon Battalion totaled nearly $30,000.
A significant portion of these ongoing wages were systematically sent
back to church leaders.
9 Let each company prepare houses, and fields for raising grain, for
those who are to remain behind this season; and this is the will of the
Lord concerning his people. 10 Let every man use all his influence and
property to remove this people to the place where the Lord shall locate
a stake of Zion.
Note: Zion is Jerusalem, not somewhere in North America.
Now Solomon assembled the elders of Israel and all the heads of the
tribes, the chief fathers of the children of Israel, to King Solomon in
Jerusalem, that they might bring up the ark of the covenant of the LORD
from the City of David, which is Zion. 1 Kings 8:1
11 And if ye do this with a pure heart, in all faithfulness, ye shall
be blessed; you shall be blessed in your flocks, and in your herds, and
in your fields, and in your houses, and in your families.
Note: Brigham Young knew neither what he was saying or what he was trying to affirm.
As I urged you when I went into Macedonia—remain in Ephesus that you
may charge some that they teach no other doctrine, nor give heed to
fables and endless genealogies, which cause disputes rather than godly
edification which is in faith. Now the purpose of the commandment is
love from a pure heart, from a good conscience, and from sincere faith,
from which some, having strayed, have turned aside to idle talk,
desiring to be teachers of the law, understanding neither what they say
nor the things which they affirm. 1 Timothy 1:3-7
12 Let my servants Ezra T. Benson and Erastus Snow organize a company.
Note: Ezra Benson happily followed Joseph Smith into polygamy.
Like many early Latter-Day Saints, Benson practiced plural marriage. On
April 27, 1844, Benson married his first plural wife, Adeline Brooks
Andrus, the sister of Pamelia. After moving to Utah, Benson married
Adeline Brooks Andrus, Desdemona Fullmer (a widow of Joseph Smith),
Eliza Ann Perry, Lucinda West, Elizabeth Gollaher, Olive Mary Knight,
and Mary Larsen. Benson had eight wives and 35 children. He also owned
a few Paiute slaves.
Note: Erastus Snow was rewarded for helping Joseph Smith escape Liberty jail.
In April 1839, at age 20, Snow successfully petitioned the jailers at
Liberty Jail to move Joseph Smith (founder of the Latter Day Saint
movement) and the prisoners accompanying him to a different location.
He was subsequently appointed a member of the high council of the
church.
13 And let my servants Orson Pratt and Wilford Woodruff organize a company.
Note: Orson Pratt remained in the church due to the power of polygamy.
Pratt was a member of the original Quorum of the Twelve Apostles,
called in 1835 under the direction of Joseph Smith. He was ordained to
this position on April 26, 1835. He rebelled against Joseph Smith
when a report by disaffected Mormon John C. Bennett accused Smith of
proposing marriage to Pratt's wife, Sarah Pratt, which Smith denied.
Sarah also claimed that Smith had proposed, and Pratt believed his
wife. After days of Smith and the other members of the Twelve
remonstrating with Pratt, they decided that he would not yield, and
thus Pratt was excommunicated on August 20, 1842. Pratt reconciled with
Smith a few months after their falling out and requested rebaptism.
Pratt was reinstated in the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles on January
20, 1843. As an apostle under Young's leadership, Pratt tended to
disagree with him on a variety of topics but found little support from
the other apostles.[3] Young expressed an appreciation for Pratt's
ability to preach but added regrettably that Pratt preached "false
doctrine" more often than not. A few examples of conflicts with Young
include opposition by Pratt to reestablishing a First Presidency in
1847, the legalization of slavery in Utah Territory in 1852, and
Young's Adam-God teachings. Some sources agree that Pratt married seven
women and was the father of forty-five children, though other sources,
including his first wife Sarah, claim that he married ten women. At age
57 Orson Pratt married his tenth wife, sixteen-year-old Margaret
Graham. On August 29, 1852, Orson Pratt delivered a sermon that taught
the principle of polygamy, discussing the blessings of raising many
children up in the LDS Church. This was the first time the practice was
discussed openly in the church. In June 1870, Pratt participated in a
debate against John P. Newman on whether or not the Bible supported
polygamy. He defended the practice in his writings for The Seer and
throughout his ministry, gaining the title "the apostle of polygamy."
Note: Wilford Woodruff saved the LDS church from destruction.
In 1889, Woodruff became the fourth president of the LDS Church.
After government disenfranchisement of polygamists and women in Utah
Territory and seizure of church properties, which threatened to extend
to temples, Woodruff ended the church's official support of new
polygamous marriages in the 1890 Manifesto.
14 Also, let my servants Amasa Lyman and George A. Smith organize a company.
Note: Amasa Lyman happily followed Joseph Smith into polygamy.
In April 1844, Smith taught Lyman the principle of plural marriage. "As
he warmly grasped my hand for the last time," Lyman later recalled,
"[Smith said] brother Amasa, go and practice on the principles I have
taught you, and God bless you." Soon Lyman married his first and second
plural wives, Diontha Walker and Caroline Partridge. In 1846, Lyman
married four additional wives: Eliza Maria Partridge (one of numerous
widows of Smith and the 25-year-old sister of Lyman's wife Caroline),
Paulina Eliza Phelps, Priscilla Turley, and Cornelia Leavitt. In 1851,
Lyman married his eighth and final wife, Lydia Partridge, a sister of
his wives Caroline and Eliza.
Note: George Smith delivered orders from Brigham Young to southern communities.
During the hurried series of actions Young and LDS Church leaders
initiated on learning of the imminent arrival of U.S. troops into Utah
Territory in 1857–8, Smith left Salt Lake City to visit southern Utah
communities. Scholars have asserted that Smith's tour, speeches, and
personal actions contributed to the fear and tension in these
communities, and influenced the decision to attack and destroy the
Baker–Fancher emigrant train near Mountain Meadows, Utah. Leaving on
August 3, 1857, Smith arrived at Parowan, Utah on August 8, 1857, and
on August 15, he set off on a tour of the local military district
manned by the Utah militia known as the Nauvoo Legion, led by stake
president-Colonel William H. Dame. Although Smith's rank in the Legion
was simply a private, one Parowan resident understood that part of the
purpose of his trip was to represent the church leadership and to
organize the regiment, inspect the troops, and provide instructions.
During the tour, Smith gave military speeches and counseled Mormons
that they should prepare to "touch fire to their homes, and hide
themselves in the mountains, and to defend their country to the very
last extremity." Smith instructed church members to stockpile grain,
and not to sell it to emigrants or use it for animal feed. In addition
to Parowan, Smith's tour included visits to Cedar City and Santa Clara.
The group stopped at Mountain Meadows to eat dinner on August 20 with a
group of resident missionaries. Smith addressed a group of Indians in
Santa Clara, counseling them that "the Americans" were approaching with
a large army, and were a threat to the Indians as well as the Mormons.
Riding in a wagon afterwards, John D. Lee said he warned Smith that the
Indians would likely attack emigrant trains, and that Mormons were
anxious to avenge the blood of the prophets, and according to Lee,
Smith seemed pleased, and said "he had had a long talk with Major
Haight on the same subject." Isaac C. Haight, Cedar City stake
president, and second in military command under Dame, met with Smith
again on August 21. Haight told Smith he had heard reports that 600
troops were already approaching Cedar City from the East, and that if
the rumors were true, Haight would have to act without waiting for
instructions from Salt Lake City. Smith agreed, and "admired his grit".
Smith later said he was uncomfortable, perhaps "on account of my
extreme timidity", because some of the militia members were eager that
"their enemies might come and give them a chance to fight and take
vengeance for the cruelties that had been inflicted upon us in the
States", such as the Haun's Mill massacre, where 18 Mormons were killed
in 1838 in a skirmish with the Missouri militia during the Mormon War.
On the way back to Salt Lake City, Smith was accompanied by a party
including Jacob Hamblin of Santa Clara, a newly appointed Mormon
missionary to the Natives in the region who also ran a federally funded
"Indian farm" next to Mountain Meadows. Also traveling north with the
Smith party were several Native chiefs of the southern Utah Territory.
On August 25, 1857, Smith's group camped next to the Fancher–Baker
party, headed the opposite direction, at Corn Creek, now Kanosh. When
the Baker–Fancher party inquired about places to stop for water and
grazing, Hamblin directed them to Mountain Meadows, near the "Indian
farm" there, a regular stopover on the Old Spanish Trail.
15 And appoint presidents, and captains of hundreds, and of fifties,
and of tens. 16 And let my servants that have been appointed go and
teach this, my will, to the saints, that they may be ready to go to a
land of peace. 17 Go thy way and do as I have told you, and fear not
thine enemies; for they shall not have power to stop my work.
Note: America never had peace with the 19th century Mormon fanatics.
As LDS populations grew in towns in Ohio, Missouri, and Illinois—and
later in the Utah Territory—their tendency to vote as a unified block
gave them heavy control over local elections and public offices,
alarming non-Mormon neighbors who feared political marginalization.
After the public announcement of plural marriage in 1852, opposition
escalated nationwide. The federal government and the public widely
condemned the practice, leading to intense legislative battles,
anti-polygamy laws, and the Edmunds-Tucker Act.
18 Zion shall be redeemed in mine own due time.
Note: The LDS fanatics never regained Zion in Independence Missouri.
Although Smith had designated the Temple Lot site as the heart of his
new City of Zion, the Latter Day Saints were expelled from Jackson
County (late 1833) and later from Missouri (early 1839) before a temple
could be constructed.
19 And if any man shall seek to build up himself, and seeketh not my
counsel, he shall have no power, and his folly shall be made manifest.
Note: Brigham Young became the dictator of the LDS fanatics.
In an 1871 sermon recorded in the Journal of Discourses, Brigham Young
said: "I have been your dictator for twenty-seven years—over a quarter
of a century I have dictated this people."
20 Seek ye; and keep all your pledges one with another; and covet not
that which is thy brother’s. 21 Keep yourselves from evil to take the
name of the Lord in vain, for I am the Lord your God, even the God of
your fathers, the God of Abraham and of Isaac and of Jacob. 22 I am he
who led the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt; and my arm is
stretched out in the last days, to save my people Israel.
Note: Jesus Christ wants to world to be saved.
And Jesus came and spoke to them, saying, “All authority has been given
to Me in heaven and on earth. Go therefore and make disciples of all
the nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son
and of the Holy Spirit, teaching them to observe all things that I have
commanded you; and lo, I am with you always, even to the end of the
age.” Amen. Matthew 28:18-20
23 Cease to contend one with another; cease to speak evil one of
another. 24 Cease drunkenness; and let your words tend to edifying one
another. 25 If thou borrowest of thy neighbor, thou shalt restore that
which thou hast borrowed; and if thou canst not repay then go
straightway and tell thy neighbor, lest he condemn thee. 26 If thou
shalt find that which thy neighbor has lost, thou shalt make diligent
search till thou shalt deliver it to him again. 27 Thou shalt be
diligent in preserving what thou hast, that thou mayest be a wise
steward; for it is the free gift of the Lord thy God, and thou art his
steward.
Note: The free gift of salvation is through faith in Jesus Christ.
Therefore, just as through one man sin entered the world, and death
through sin, and thus death spread to all men, because all sinned— For
until the law sin was in the world, but sin is not imputed when there
is no law. Nevertheless, death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over
those who had not sinned according to the likeness of the transgression
of Adam, who is a type of Him who was to come. But the free gift is not
like the offense. For if by the one man’s offense many died, much more
the grace of God and the gift by the grace of the one Man, Jesus
Christ, abounded to many. And the gift is not like that which came
through the one who sinned. For the judgment which came from one
offense resulted in condemnation, but the free gift which came from
many offenses resulted in justification. For if by the one man’s
offense death reigned through the one, much more those who receive
abundance of grace and of the gift of righteousness will reign in life
through the One, Jesus Christ. Romans 5:12-17
28 If thou art merry, praise the Lord with singing, with music, with
dancing, and with a prayer of praise and thanksgiving. 29 If thou art
sorrowful, call on the Lord thy God with supplication, that your souls
may be joyful.
Note: Believers will be joyful due to the Holy Spirit.
But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, longsuffering,
kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, self-control. Galatians
5:22-23
30 Fear not thine enemies, for they are in mine hands and I will do my
pleasure with them. 31 My people must be tried in all things, that they
may be prepared to receive the glory that I have for them, even the
glory of Zion; and he that will not bear chastisement is not worthy of
my kingdom.
Note: Believers will rejoice when suffering for Jesus Christ.
Blessed are you when they revile and persecute you and say all kinds of
evil against you falsely for My sake. Rejoice and be exceedingly glad,
for great is your reward in heaven, for so they persecuted the prophets
who were before you. Matthew 5:11-12
Note: The prophets were before the New Covenant.
32 Let him that is ignorant learn wisdom by humbling himself and
calling upon the Lord his God, that his eyes may be opened that he may
see, and his ears opened that he may hear; 33 For my Spirit is sent
forth into the world to enlighten the humble and contrite, and to the
condemnation of the ungodly.
Note: Believers will be enlighten in Jesus Christ with the wisdom of God.
But of Him you are in Christ Jesus, who became for us wisdom from
God—and righteousness and sanctification and redemption— that, as it is
written, “He who glories, let him glory in the LORD.” 1 Corinthians
1:30-31
34 Thy brethren have rejected you and your testimony, even the nation
that has driven you out; 35 And now cometh the day of their calamity,
even the days of sorrow, like a woman that is taken in travail; and
their sorrow shall be great unless they speedily repent, yea, very
speedily.
Note: Believers will have a testimony of Jesus Christ.
The Revelation of Jesus Christ, which God gave Him to show His
servants—things which must shortly take place. And He sent and
signified it by His angel to His servant John, who bore witness to the
word of God, and to the testimony of Jesus Christ, to all things that
he saw. Revelation 1:1-2
36 For they killed the prophets, and them that were sent unto them; and
they have shed innocent blood, which crieth from the ground against
them.
Note: The New Covenant abolished the office of prophet.
God, who at various times and in various ways spoke in time past to the
fathers by the prophets, has in these last days spoken to us by His
Son, whom He has appointed heir of all things, through whom also He
made the worlds; who being the brightness of His glory and the express
image of His person, and upholding all things by the word of His power,
when He had by Himself purged our sins, sat down at the right hand of
the Majesty on high, having become so much better than the angels, as
He has by inheritance obtained a more excellent name than they. Hebrews
1:1-4
37 Therefore, marvel not at these things, for ye are not yet pure; ye
can not yet bear my glory; but ye shall behold it if ye are faithful in
keeping all my words that I have given you, from the days of Adam to
Abraham, from Abraham to Moses, from Moses to Jesus and his apostles,
and from Jesus and his apostles to Joseph Smith, whom I did call upon
by mine angels, my ministering servants, and by mine own voice out of
the heavens, to bring forth my work; 38 Which foundation he did lay,
and was faithful; and I took him to myself.
Note: Joseph Smith was a false prophet.
“For all the prophets and the law prophesied until John.” Matthew 11:13
39 Many have marveled because of his death; but it was needful that he
should seal his testimony with his blood, that he might be honored and
the wicked might be condemned. 40 Have I not delivered you from your
enemies, only in that I have left a witness of my name?
Note: Joseph Smith was a false prophet.
“The law and the prophets were until John.” Luke 16:16
41 Now, therefore, hearken, O ye people of my church; and ye elders listen together; you have received my kingdom.
Note: The kingdom of God concerns Jesus Christ.
Then Paul dwelt two whole years in his own rented house, and received
all who came to him, preaching the kingdom of God and teaching the
things which concern the Lord Jesus Christ with all confidence, no one
forbidding him. Acts 28:30-31
42 Be diligent in keeping all my commandments, lest judgments come upon
you, and your faith fail you, and your enemies triumph over you. So no
more at present. Amen and Amen.
Note: Believers will have an enduring possession in heaven.
But recall the former days in which, after you were illuminated, you
endured a great struggle with sufferings: partly while you were made a
spectacle both by reproaches and tribulations, and partly while you
became companions of those who were so treated; for you had compassion
on me in my chains, and joyfully accepted the plundering of your goods,
knowing that you have a better and an enduring possession for
yourselves in heaven. Therefore, do not cast away your confidence,
which has great reward. Hebrews 10:32-35