Alma Chapter 61 Critique
Setting:
Pahoran tells Moroni of the insurrection and rebellion against the
government—The king-men take Zarahemla and are in league with the
Lamanites—Pahoran asks for military aid against the rebels. About 62
B.C.
Verses 1-2:
Behold, now it came to pass that soon after Moroni had sent his epistle
unto the chief governor, he received an epistle from Pahoran, the chief
governor. And these are the words which he received: I, Pahoran, who am
the chief governor of this land, do send these words unto Moroni, the
chief captain over the army. Behold, I say unto you, Moroni, that I do
not joy in your great afflictions, yea, it grieves my soul.
Note: Solomon Spalding did not know that the few writing systems in Pre-Columbia America did not use letters.
Of several
pre-Columbian scripts in Mesoamerica, the one that appears to have been
best developed, and has been fully deciphered, is the Maya script. The
earliest inscriptions which are identifiably Maya date to the 3rd
century BC, and writing was in continuous use until shortly after the
arrival of the Spanish conquistadores in the 16th century AD. Maya
writing used logograms complemented by a set of syllabic glyphs: a
combination somewhat similar to modern Japanese writing. Wikipedia
Encyclopedia.
Verses 3-8:
But behold, there are those who do joy in your afflictions, yea,
insomuch that they have risen up in rebellion against me, and also
those of my people who are freemen, yea, and those who have risen up
are exceedingly numerous. And it is those who have sought to take away
the judgment-seat from me that have been the cause of this great
iniquity; for they have used great flattery, and they have led away the
hearts of many people, which will be the cause of sore affliction among
us; they have withheld our provisions, and have daunted our freemen
that they have not come unto you. And behold, they have driven me out
before them, and I have fled to the land of Gideon, with as many men as
it were possible that I could get. And behold, I have sent a
proclamation throughout this part of the land; and behold, they are
flocking to us daily, to their arms, in the defence of their country
and their freedom, and to avenge our wrongs. And they have come unto
us, insomuch that those who have risen up in rebellion against us are
set at defiance, yea, insomuch that they do fear us and durst not come
out against us to battle. They have got possession of the land, or the
city, of Zarahemla; they have appointed a king over them, and he hath
written unto the king of the Lamanites, in the which he hath joined an
alliance with him; in the which alliance he hath agreed to maintain the
city of Zarahemla, which maintenance he supposeth will enable the
Lamanites to conquer the remainder of the land, and he shall be placed
king over this people when they shall be conquered under the Lamanites.
Note: Only semi-nomadic Indians existed in Pre-Columbian Brazil.
Around the time
of the Portuguese arrival, the territory of current day Brazil had an
estimated indigenous population of 7 million people, mostly
semi-nomadic who subsisted on hunting, fishing, gathering, and migrant
agriculture. The indigenous population of Brazil comprised several
large indigenous ethnic groups (e.g. the Tupis, Guaranis, Gês and
Arawaks). The Tupí people were subdivided into the Tupiniquins and
Tupinambás, and there were also many subdivision of the other groups.
Wikipedia Encyclopedia.
Verse 9:
And now, in your epistle you have censured me, but it mattereth not; I
am not angry, but do rejoice in the greatness of your heart. I,
Pahoran, do not seek for power, save only to retain my judgment-seat
that I may preserve the rights and the liberty of my people. My soul
standeth fast in that liberty in the which God hath made us free.
Note: Sidney Rigdon plagiarized the Holy Bible.
Stand fast
therefore in the liberty by which Christ has made us free, and do not
be entangled again with a yoke of bondage. Galatians 5:1.
Verses 10-14:
And now, behold, we will resist wickedness even unto bloodshed. We
would not shed the blood of the Lamanites if they would stay in their
own land. We would not shed the blood of our brethren if they would not
rise up in rebellion and take the sword against us. We would subject
ourselves to the yoke of bondage if it were requisite with the justice
of God, or if he should command us so to do. But behold he doth not
command us that we shall subject ourselves to our enemies, but that we
should put our trust in him, and he will deliver us. Therefore, my
beloved brother, Moroni, let us resist evil, and whatsoever evil we
cannot resist with our words, yea, such as rebellions and dissensions,
let us resist them with our swords, that we may retain our freedom,
that we may rejoice in the great privilege of our church, and in the
cause of our Redeemer and our God.
Note: Church, Redeemer, and a monotheistic God did not exist in Pre-Columbian America.
Native American
tribes have maintained numerous mythologies regarding deities
throughout their histories. Native American belief systems include many
sacred narratives. Such spiritual stories are deeply based in Nature
and are rich with the symbolism of seasons, weather, plants, animals,
earth, water, sky & fire. Deities play a large part in these
narratives. Wikipedia Encyclopedia.
Verses 15-17: Therefore,
come unto me speedily with a few of your men, and leave the remainder
in the charge of Lehi and Teancum; give unto them power to conduct the
war in that part of the land, according to the Spirit of God, which is
also the spirit of freedom which is in them. Behold I have sent a few
provisions unto them, that they may not perish until ye can come unto
me. Gather together whatsoever force ye can upon your march hither, and
we will go speedily against those dissenters, in the strength of our
God according to the faith which is in us.
Note: Sidney Rigdon had a warped understanding of Christian faith.
Paul, a
bondservant of God and an apostle of Jesus Christ, according to the
faith of God’s elect and the acknowledgment of the truth which accords
with godliness, 2in hope of eternal life which God, who cannot lie,
promised before time began, 3but has in due time manifested His word
through preaching, which was committed to me according to the
commandment of God our Savior. Titus 1:1-3.
Verse 18:
And we will take possession of the city of Zarahemla, that we may
obtain more food to send forth unto Lehi and Teancum; yea, we will go
forth against them in the strength of the Lord, and we will put an end
to this great iniquity.
Note: Sidney Ridgon had a warped view of God.
The Lord is my
light and my salvation; Whom shall I fear? The Lord is the strength of
my life; Of whom shall I be afraid? Psalm 27:1.
Verses 19-20:
And now, Moroni, I do joy in receiving your epistle, for I was somewhat
worried concerning what we should do, whether it should be just in us
to go against our brethren. But ye have said, except they repent the
Lord hath commanded you that ye should go against them.
Note: Sidney Rigdon had a warped view of God.
I will cry out
to God Most High, to God who performs all things for me. He shall send
from heaven and save me; He reproaches the one who would swallow me up.
God shall send forth His mercy and His truth. Psalm 57:2-3.
Verse 21:
See that ye strengthen Lehi and Teancum in the Lord; tell them to fear
not, for God will deliver them, yea, and also all those who stand fast
in that liberty wherewith God hath made them free. And now I close mine
epistle to my beloved brother, Moroni.
Note: Again, Sidney Rigdon plagiarized the Holy Bible.
Stand fast
therefore in the liberty by which Christ has made us free, and do not
be entangled again with a yoke of bondage. Galatians 5:1.
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