Helaman Chapter 13 Critique
Setting: Samuel the Lamanite
prophesies the destruction of the Nephites unless they repent—They and
their riches are cursed—They reject and stone the prophets, are
encircled about by demons, and seek for happiness in doing iniquity.
About 6 B.C.
Verse 1: And now it came to
pass in the eighty and sixth year, the Nephites did still remain in
wickedness, yea, in great wickedness, while the Lamanites did observe
strictly to keep the commandments of God, according to the law of Moses.
Note: The law of Moses demanded animal sacrifice.
Then he washed the entrails and the legs in water. And Moses burned the
whole ram on the altar. It was a burnt sacrifice for a sweet aroma, an
offering made by fire to the Lord, as the Lord had commanded Moses.
Leviticus 8:21.
Verse 2: And it came to pass
that in this year there was one Samuel, a Lamanite, came into the land
of Zarahemla, and began to preach unto the people. And it came to pass
that he did preach, many days, repentance unto the people, and they did
cast him out, and he was about to return to his own land.
Note: Samuel obeyed the Lord through animal sacrifice.
And Samuel said, “How can I go? If Saul hears it, he will kill me.” But
the Lord said, “Take a heifer with you, and say, ‘I have come to
sacrifice to the Lord.’ Then invite Jesse to the sacrifice, and I will
show you what you shall do; you shall anoint for Me the one I name to
you.” 1 Samuel 16:2-3.
Verse 3: But behold, the voice
of the Lord came unto him, that he should return again, and prophesy
unto the people whatsoever things should come into his heart.
Note: Pre-Columbian natives were polytheistic pagans.
Like most Mesoamerican religious systems, the Zapotec religion was
polytheistic. Two principal deities include Cocijo, the rain god
(similar to the Aztec god Tlaloc), and Coquihani, the god of light.
Wikipedia Encyclopedia.
Verse 4-5: And it came to pass
that they would not suffer that he should enter into the city;
therefore he went and got upon the wall thereof, and stretched forth
his hand and cried with a loud voice, and prophesied unto the people
whatsoever things the Lord put into his heart. And he said unto them:
Behold, I, Samuel, a Lamanite, do speak the words of the Lord which he
doth put into my heart; and behold he hath put it into my heart to say
unto this people that the sword of justice hangeth over this people;
and four hundred years pass not away save the sword of justice falleth
upon this people.
Note: This fictional Samuel must have eaten some mushrooms.
Hallucinogenic species of the psilocybe genus have a history of use
among the native peoples of Mesoamerica for religious communion,
divination, and healing, from pre-Columbian times to the present day.
Mushroom stones and motifs have been found in Guatemala. A statuette
dating from ca. 200 AD and depicting a mushroom strongly resembling
Psilocybe mexicana was found in a west Mexican shaft and chamber tomb
in the state of Colima. Wikipedia Encyclopedia.
Verses 6-7: Yea, heavy
destruction awaiteth this people, and it surely cometh unto this
people, and nothing can save this people save it be repentance and
faith on the Lord Jesus Christ, who surely shall come into the world,
and shall suffer many things and shall be slain for his people. And
behold, an angel of the Lord hath declared it unto me, and he did bring
glad tidings to my soul. And behold, I was sent unto you to declare it
unto you also, that ye might have glad tidings; but behold ye would not
receive me.
Note: Faith in Christ was not preached until after Pentecost.
And after some days, when Felix came with his wife Drusilla, who was
Jewish, he sent for Paul and heard him concerning the faith in Christ.
Acts 24:24.
Verse 8: Therefore, thus saith
the Lord: Because of the hardness of the hearts of the people of the
Nephites, except they repent I will take away my word from them, and I
will withdraw my Spirit from them, and I will suffer them no longer,
and I will turn the hearts of their brethren against them.
Note: The Holy Spirit was not poured out until Pentecost.
And being assembled together with them, He commanded them not to depart
from Jerusalem, but to wait for the Promise of the Father, “which,” He
said, “you have heard from Me; 5for John truly baptized with water, but
you shall be baptized with the Holy Spirit not many days from now.”
Acts 1:4-5.
Verse 9: And four hundred years
shall not pass away before I will cause that they shall be smitten;
yea, I will visit them with the sword and with famine and with
pestilence.
Note: Pre-Columbian natives did not have swords.
Although the Maya had projectile technology, such as the atlatl and
spear, much of the actual fighting was done at close range with
"thrusting, stabbing, and crushing". Weapons were crafted mostly from
obsidian and chert, obsidian being the sharpest (but more brittle).
Knapping chert or obsidian into bifacial projectile points and
attaching them to atlatl darts, spears, and arrows was the dominant
technology. Although bows and arrows were used, spears and Macuahuitl
remained much more common. As well, chipped flint was common in close
range combat knives. Wikipedia Encyclopedia.
Verses 10-11: Yea, I will visit
them in my fierce anger, and there shall be those of the fourth
generation who shall live, of your enemies, to behold your utter
destruction; and this shall surely come except ye repent, saith the
Lord; and those of the fourth generation shall visit your destruction.
But if ye will repent and return unto the Lord your God I will turn
away mine anger, saith the Lord; yea, thus saith the Lord, blessed are
they who will repent and turn unto me, but wo unto him that repenteth
not.
Note: Old Testament repentance involved animal sacrifice.
It came to pass on the eighth day that Moses called Aaron and his sons
and the elders of Israel. And he said to Aaron, “Take for yourself a
young bull as a sin offering and a ram as a burnt offering, without
blemish, and offer them before the Lord. Leviticus 9:1-2.
Verses 12-13: Yea, wo unto this
great city of Zarahemla; for behold, it is because of those who are
righteous that it is saved; yea, wo unto this great city, for I
perceive, saith the Lord, that there are many, yea, even the more part
of this great city, that will harden their hearts against me, saith the
Lord. But blessed are they who will repent, for them will I spare. But
behold, if it were not for the righteous who are in this great city,
behold, I would cause that fire should come down out of heaven and
destroy it.
Note: Old Testament repentance involved animal sacrifice.
“And to the children of Israel you shall speak, saying, ‘Take a kid of
the goats as a sin offering, and a calf and a lamb, both of the first
year, without blemish, as a burnt offering, 4also a bull and a ram as
peace offerings, to sacrifice before the Lord, and a grain offering
mixed with oil; for today the Lord will appear to you.’” Leviticus
9:3-4.
Verses 14-16: But behold, it is
for the righteous’ sake that it is spared. But behold, the time cometh,
saith the Lord, that when ye shall cast out the righteous from among
you, then shall ye be ripe for destruction; yea, wo be unto this great
city, because of the wickedness and abominations which are in her. Yea,
and wo be unto the city of Gideon, for the wickedness and abominations
which are in her. Yea, and wo be unto all the cities which are in the
land round about, which are possessed by the Nephites, because of the
wickedness and abominations which are in them.
Note: This was paraphased from the Holy Bible.
And Abraham went early in the morning to the place where he had stood
before the Lord. Then he looked toward Sodom and Gomorrah, and toward
all the land of the plain; and he saw, and behold, the smoke of the
land which went up like the smoke of a furnace. And it came to pass,
when God destroyed the cities of the plain, that God remembered
Abraham, and sent Lot out of the midst of the overthrow, when He
overthrew the cities in which Lot had dwelt. Genesis 19:27-29.
Verses 17-19: And behold, a
curse shall come upon the land, saith the Lord of Hosts, because of the
people’s sake who are upon the land, yea, because of their wickedness
and their abominations. And it shall come to pass, saith the Lord of
Hosts, yea, our great and true God, that whoso shall hide up treasures
in the earth shall find them again no more, because of the great curse
of the land, save he be a righteous man and shall hide it up unto the
Lord. For I will, saith the Lord, that they shall hide up their
treasures unto me; and cursed be they who hide not up their treasures
unto me; for none hideth up their treasures unto me save it be the
righteous; and he that hideth not up his treasures unto me, cursed is
he, and also the treasure, and none shall redeem it because of the
curse of the land.
Note: God does not contradict Himself.
Then Noah built an altar to the Lord, and took of every clean animal
and of every clean bird, and offered burnt offerings on the altar. And
the Lord smelled a soothing aroma. Then the Lord said in His heart, “I
will never again curse the ground for man’s sake, although the
imagination of man’s heart is evil from his youth; nor will I again
destroy every living thing as I have done. Genesis 8:20-21.
Verses 20-22: And the day shall
come that they shall hide up their treasures, because they have set
their hearts upon riches; and because they have set their hearts upon
their riches, and will hide up their treasures when they shall flee
before their enemies; because they will not hide them up unto me,
cursed be they and also their treasures; and in that day shall they be
smitten, saith the Lord. Behold ye, the people of this great city, and
hearken unto my words; yea, hearken unto the words which the Lord
saith; for behold, he saith that ye are cursed because of your riches,
and also are your riches cursed because ye have set your hearts upon
them, and have not hearkened unto the words of him who gave them unto
you. Ye do not remember the Lord your God in the things with which he
hath blessed you, but ye do always remember your riches, not to thank
the Lord your God for them; yea, your hearts are not drawn out unto the
Lord, but they do swell with great pride, unto boasting, and unto great
swelling, envyings, strifes, malice, persecutions, and murders, and all
manner of iniquities.
Note: Pre-Columbian natives were polytheistic pagans.
A weather god is a deity in mythology associated with weather phenomena
such as thunder, lightning, rain and wind. They feature commonly in
polytheistic religions, frequently as the head of the pantheon.
Wikipedia Encyclopedia.
Verse 23: For this cause hath
the Lord God caused that a curse should come upon the land, and also
upon your riches, and this because of your iniquities.
Note: God does not contradict Himself.
Then Noah built an altar to the Lord, and took of every clean animal
and of every clean bird, and offered burnt offerings on the altar. And
the Lord smelled a soothing aroma. Then the Lord said in His heart, “I
will never again curse the ground for man’s sake, although the
imagination of man’s heart is evil from his youth; nor will I again
destroy every living thing as I have done. Genesis 8:20-21.
Verses 24-25: Yea, wo unto this
people, because of this time which has arrived, that ye do cast out the
prophets, and do mock them, and cast stones at them, and do slay them,
and do all manner of iniquity unto them, even as they did of old time.
And now when ye talk, ye say: If our days had been in the days of our
fathers of old, we would not have slain the prophets; we would not have
stoned them, and cast them out.
Note: Sidney Rigdon paraphrased the Holy Bible.
“Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! Because you build the
tombs of the prophets and adorn the monuments of the righteous, and
say, ‘If we had lived in the days of our fathers, we would not have
been partakers with them in the blood of the prophets.’” Matthew
23:29-30.
Verses 26-28: Behold ye are
worse than they; for as the Lord liveth, if a prophet come among you
and declareth unto you the word of the Lord, which testifieth of your
sins and iniquities, ye are angry with him, and cast him out and seek
all manner of ways to destroy him; yea, you will say that he is a false
prophet, and that he is a sinner, and of the devil, because he
testifieth that your deeds are evil. But behold, if a man shall come
among you and shall say: Do this, and there is no iniquity; do that and
ye shall not suffer; yea, he will say: Walk after the pride of your own
hearts; yea, walk after the pride of your eyes, and do whatsoever your
heart desireth—and if a man shall come among you and say this, ye will
receive him, and say that he is a prophet. Yea, ye will lift him up,
and ye will give unto him of your substance; ye will give unto him of
your gold, and of your silver, and ye will clothe him with costly
apparel; and because he speaketh flattering words unto you, and he
saith that all is well, then ye will not find fault with him.
Note: Pre-Columbian rituals involved priests not prophets.
Like other Pre-Hispanic Mesoamerican priesthoods, the early Maya
priesthood consisted of a hierarchy of professional priests serving as
intermediaries between the population and the deities. Wikipedia
Encyclopedia.
Verse 29: O ye wicked and ye
perverse generation; ye hardened and ye stiffnecked people, how long
will ye suppose that the Lord will suffer you? Yea, how long will ye
suffer yourselves to be led by foolish and blind guides? Yea, how long
will ye choose darkness rather than light?
Note: Sidney Rigdon paraphrased the Holy Bible.
Then Jesus answered and said, “O faithless and perverse generation, how
long shall I be with you? How long shall I bear with you? Bring him
here to Me.” Matthew 17:17.
Verses 30-33: Yea, behold, the
anger of the Lord is already kindled against you; behold, he hath
cursed the land because of your iniquity. And behold, the time cometh
that he curseth your riches, that they become slippery, that ye cannot
hold them; and in the days of your poverty ye cannot retain them. And
in the days of your poverty ye shall cry unto the Lord; and in vain
shall ye cry, for your desolation is already come upon you, and your
destruction is made sure; and then shall ye weep and howl in that day,
saith the Lord of Hosts. And then shall ye lament, and say: O that I
had repented, and had not killed the prophets, and stoned them, and
cast them out. Yea, in that day ye shall say: O that we had remembered
the Lord our God in the day that he gave us our riches, and then they
would not have become slippery that we should lose them; for behold,
our riches are gone from us.
Note: Pre-Columbian rituals involved priests not prophets.
The priesthood as a whole was the keeper of knowledge concerning the
deities and their cult, including calendrics, astrology, divination,
and prophecy. Wikipedia Encyclopedia.
Verse 34: Behold, we lay a tool
here and on the morrow it is gone; and behold, our swords are taken
from us in the day we have sought them for battle.
Note: Pre-Columbian natives did not use swords.
A macuahuitl is a wooden club with obsidian blades. The name is derived
from the Nahuatl language. Its sides are embedded with prismatic blades
traditionally made from obsidian, famous for producing an edge far
sharper than even high quality steel razor blades. The macuahuitl had
some drawbacks. It takes more time to lift and swing a club than it
does to thrust with a sword.
Verses 35-36: Yea, we have hid
up our treasures and they have slipped away from us, because of the
curse of the land. O that we had repented in the day that the word of
the Lord came unto us; for behold the land is cursed, and all things
are become slippery, and we cannot hold them.
Note: Pre-Columbian natives were polytheistic pagans.
The ancient Maya concept of 'deity', or 'divinity' (k'u in Yucatec,
ch'u in Ch'ol, and qabuvil in ancient Quiché) is poorly understood, but
can by no means be reduced to a mere personification of natural
phenomena. The life-cycle of the maize, for instance, lies at the heart
of Maya belief, but the role of the Maya maize god transcends the
sphere of agriculture to embrace basic aspects of civilized life in
general (such as writing). Deities have all sorts of social functions,
related to such human activities as agriculture, midwifery, trade, and
warfare. Wikipedia Encyclopedia.
Verse 37: Behold, we are
surrounded by demons, yea, we are encircled about by the angels of him
who hath sought to destroy our souls. Behold, our iniquities are great.
O Lord, canst thou not turn away thine anger from us? And this shall be
your language in those days.
Note: Pre-Columbian natives believed souls were related to health.
The traditional Mayas believe in the existence, within each individual,
of various souls, usually described in quasi-material terms (such as
'shadow', 'breath', 'blood', and 'bone'). The loss of one or more souls
results in specific diseases (generically called 'soul-loss', 'fright',
or susto). Wikipedia Encyclopedia.
Verses 38-39: But behold, your
days of probation are past; ye have procrastinated the day of your
salvation until it is everlastingly too late, and your destruction is
made sure; yea, for ye have sought all the days of your lives for that
which ye could not obtain; and ye have sought for happiness in doing
iniquity, which thing is contrary to the nature of that righteousness
which is in our great and Eternal Head. O ye people of the land, that
ye would hear my words! And I pray that the anger of the Lord be turned
away from you, and that ye would repent and be saved.
Note: Old Testament repentance involved animal sacrifice.
And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying, “Speak to Aaron and his sons, and
to all the children of Israel, and say to them: ‘Whatever man of the
house of Israel, or of the strangers in Israel, who offers his
sacrifice for any of his vows or for any of his freewill offerings,
which they offer to the Lord as a burnt offering— you shall offer of
your own free will a male without blemish from the cattle, from the
sheep, or from the goats. Leviticus 22:17-19.
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