Helaman Chapter 14 Critique
Setting: Samuel predicts light
during the night and a new star at Christ’s birth—Christ redeems men
from temporal and spiritual death—The signs of His death include three
days of darkness, the rending of the rocks, and great upheavals of
nature. About 6 B.C.
Verses 1-2: And now it came to
pass that Samuel, the Lamanite, did prophesy a great many more things
which cannot be written. And behold, he said unto them: Behold, I give
unto you a sign; for five years more cometh, and behold, then cometh
the Son of God to redeem all those who shall believe on his name.
Note: The preaching of Jesus Christ did not occur until Pentecost.
Then He commanded His disciples that they should tell no one that He was Jesus the Christ. Matthew 16:20.
Verses 3-7: And behold, this
will I give unto you for a sign at the time of his coming; for behold,
there shall be great lights in heaven, insomuch that in the night
before he cometh there shall be no darkness, insomuch that it shall
appear unto man as if it was day. Therefore, there shall be one day and
a night and a day, as if it were one day and there were no night; and
this shall be unto you for a sign; for ye shall know of the rising of
the sun and also of its setting; therefore they shall know of a surety
that there shall be two days and a night; nevertheless the night shall
not be darkened; and it shall be the night before he is born. And
behold, there shall a new star arise, such an one as ye never have
beheld; and this also shall be a sign unto you. And behold this is not
all, there shall be many signs and wonders in heaven. And it shall come
to pass that ye shall all be amazed, and wonder, insomuch that ye shall
fall to the earth.
Note: Only a star appeared to announce the birth of Jesus Christ.
Now after Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judea in the days of Herod the
king, behold, wise men from the East came to Jerusalem, saying, “Where
is He who has been born King of the Jews? For we have seen His star in
the East and have come to worship Him.” When Herod the king heard this,
he was troubled, and all Jerusalem with him. Matthew 2:1-3.
Verse 8: And it shall come to pass that whosoever shall believe on the Son of God, the same shall have everlasting life.
Note: The preaching of Jesus Christ did not occur until Pentecost.
And Jesus said to him, “See that you tell no one; but go your way, show
yourself to the priest, and offer the gift that Moses commanded, as a
testimony to them.” Matthew 8:4.
Verse 9: And behold, thus hath
the Lord commanded me, by his angel, that I should come and tell this
thing unto you; yea, he hath commanded that I should prophesy these
things unto you; yea, he hath said unto me: Cry unto this people,
repent and prepare the way of the Lord.
Note: Sidney Rigdon paraphrased the Holy Bible.
And he went into all the region around the Jordan, preaching a baptism
of repentance for the remission of sins, 4as it is written in the book
of the words of Isaiah the prophet, saying: “The voice of one crying in
the wilderness: ‘Prepare the way of the Lord; Make His paths straight.”
Luke 3:3-4.
Verses 10-11: And now, because
I am a Lamanite, and have spoken unto you the words which the Lord hath
commanded me, and because it was hard against you, ye are angry with me
and do seek to destroy me, and have cast me out from among you. And ye
shall hear my words, for, for this intent have I come up upon the walls
of this city, that ye might hear and know of the judgments of God which
do await you because of your iniquities, and also that ye might know
the conditions of repentance;
Note: Old Testament repentance involved animal sacrifice.
Now the Lord called to Moses, and spoke to him from the tabernacle of
meeting, saying, “Speak to the children of Israel, and say to them:
‘When any one of you brings an offering to the Lord, you shall bring
your offering of the livestock—of the herd and of the flock. Leviticus
1:1-2.
Verses 12-13: And also that ye
might know of the coming of Jesus Christ, the Son of God, the Father of
heaven and of earth, the Creator of all things from the beginning; and
that ye might know of the signs of his coming, to the intent that ye
might believe on his name. And if ye believe on his name ye will repent
of all your sins, that thereby ye may have a remission of them through
his merits.
Note: The preaching of Jesus Christ did not occur until Pentecost.
He said to them, “But who do you say that I am?” Peter answered and
said, “The Christ of God.” And He strictly warned and commanded them to
tell this to no one, saying, “The Son of Man must suffer many things,
and be rejected by the elders and chief priests and scribes, and be
killed, and be raised the third day.” Luke 9:20-22.
Verses 14-17: And behold,
again, another sign I give unto you, yea, a sign of his death. For
behold, he surely must die that salvation may come; yea, it behooveth
him and becometh expedient that he dieth, to bring to pass the
resurrection of the dead, that thereby men may be brought into the
presence of the Lord. Yea, behold, this death bringeth to pass the
resurrection, and redeemeth all mankind from the first death—that
spiritual death; for all mankind, by the fall of Adam being cut off
from the presence of the Lord, are considered as dead, both as to
things temporal and to things spiritual. But behold, the resurrection
of Christ redeemeth mankind, yea, even all mankind, and bringeth them
back into the presence of the Lord.
Note: Jesus Christ was unknown in Pre-Columbian America.
Like all other cultures of Mesoamerica, the Maya used a 260-day
calendar, usually referred to as tzolkin. The length of this calendar
coincides with the average duration of human gestation. Its basic
purpose was (and still is) to provide guidance in life through a
consideration of the combined aspects of the 20 named days and 13
numbers, and to indicate the days on which sacrifice at specific
'number shrines' (recalling the number deities of Classic times) might
lead to the desired results. The days were commonly deified and invoked
as 'Lordships'. The crucial importance of divination is suggested by
the fact that the general Yucatec word for 'priest' (ah k'in) referred
more specifically to the counting of the days. Wikipedia Encyclopedia.
Verses 18-19: Yea, and it
bringeth to pass the condition of repentance, that whosoever repenteth
the same is not hewn down and cast into the fire; but whosoever
repenteth not is hewn down and cast into the fire; and there cometh
upon them again a spiritual death, yea, a second death, for they are
cut off again as to things pertaining to righteousness. Therefore
repent ye, repent ye, lest by knowing these things and not doing them
ye shall suffer yourselves to come under condemnation, and ye are
brought down unto this second death.
Note: Old Testament repentance involved animal sacrifice.
“If his offering is a burnt sacrifice of the herd, let him offer a male
without blemish; he shall offer it of his own free will at the door of
the tabernacle of meeting before the Lord. Then he shall put his hand
on the head of the burnt offering, and it will be accepted on his
behalf to make atonement for him.” Leviticus 1:3-4.
Verse 20: But behold, as I said
unto you concerning another sign, a sign of his death, behold, in that
day that he shall suffer death the sun shall be darkened and refuse to
give his light unto you; and also the moon and the stars; and there
shall be no light upon the face of this land, even from the time that
he shall suffer death, for the space of three days, to the time that he
shall rise again from the dead.
Note: The sun was darkened for three hours not days.
Now from the sixth hour until the ninth hour there was darkness over all the land. Matthew 27:45.
Verses 21-27: Yea, at the time
that he shall yield up the ghost there shall be thunderings and
lightnings for the space of many hours, and the earth shall shake and
tremble; and the rocks which are upon the face of this earth, which are
both above the earth and beneath, which ye know at this time are solid,
or the more part of it is one solid mass, shall be broken up; Yea, they
shall be rent in twain, and shall ever after be found in seams and in
cracks, and in broken fragments upon the face of the whole earth, yea,
both above the earth and beneath. And behold, there shall be great
tempests, and there shall be many mountains laid low, like unto a
valley, and there shall be many places which are now called valleys
which shall become mountains, whose height is great. And many highways
shall be broken up, and many cities shall become desolate. And many
graves shall be opened, and shall yield up many of their dead; and many
saints shall appear unto many. And behold, thus hath the angel spoken
unto me; for he said unto me that there should be thunderings and
lightnings for the space of many hours. And he said unto me that while
the thunder and the lightning lasted, and the tempest, that these
things should be, and that darkness should cover the face of the whole
earth for the space of three days.
Note: This fictional Samuel was a false prophet.
Then, behold, the veil of the temple was torn in two from top to
bottom; and the earth quaked, and the rocks were split, and the graves
were opened; and many bodies of the saints who had fallen asleep were
raised; and coming out of the graves after His resurrection, they went
into the holy city and appeared to many. Matthew 27:51-53.
Verse 28: And the angel said
unto me that many shall see greater things than these, to the intent
that they might believe that these signs and these wonders should come
to pass upon all the face of this land, to the intent that there should
be no cause for unbelief among the children of men—
Note: These signs did not happen in Pre-Columbian America.
And Jesus cried out with a loud voice, and breathed His last. Then the
veil of the temple was torn in two from top to bottom. 39So when the
centurion, who stood opposite Him, saw that He cried out like this and
breathed His last, he said, “Truly this Man was the Son of God!” There
were also women looking on from afar, among whom were Mary Magdalene,
Mary the mother of James the Less and of Joses, and Salome, who also
followed Him and ministered to Him when He was in Galilee, and many
other women who came up with Him to Jerusalem. Mark 15:37-41.
Verses 29-31: And this to the
intent that whosoever will believe might be saved, and that whosoever
will not believe, a righteous judgment might come upon them; and also
if they are condemned they bring upon themselves their own
condemnation. And now remember, remember, my brethren, that whosoever
perisheth, perisheth unto himself; and whosoever doeth iniquity, doeth
it unto himself; for behold, ye are free; ye are permitted to act for
yourselves; for behold, God hath given unto you a knowledge and he hath
made you free. He hath given unto you that ye might know good from
evil, and he hath given unto you that ye might choose life or death;
and ye can do good and be restored unto that which is good, or have
that which is good restored unto you; or ye can do evil, and have that
which is evil restored unto you.
Note: Pre-Columbian natives had no knowledge of free will accountability.
The problem of free will has been identified in ancient Greek
philosophical literature. The notion of compatibilist free will has
been attributed to both Aristotle (fourth century B.C.E.) and Epictetus
(1st century CE); "it was the fact that nothing hindered us from doing
or choosing something that made us have control over them". Wikipedia
Encyclopedia.
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